Biology
Biology is the scientific study of life and living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy. It covers various fields such as botany (study of plants), zoology (study of animals), microbiology (study of microorganisms), genetics, ecology, and more.
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plant
Pollination, fertilization, seed and fruit formation.
Human Reproduction
Male & female systems, menstrual cycle, fertilization, embryo development.
Reproductive Health
Contraception, infertility treatments, and STDs.
Inheritance & Variation
- Mendel’s laws, chromosomal theory, genetic disorders.
Molecular Basis of Inheritance
DNA structure, replication, protein synthesis.
Evolution
- Darwin’s theory, fossil evidence, adaptive radiation.
Human Health & Disease
- Immunity, infectious diseases, vaccines.
Food Production
- Plant breeding, animal husbandry, GM crops.
Microbes in Welfare
- Industrial use, sewage treatment, biocontrol agents.
Biotechnology Principles
- Tools of biotechnology include restriction enzymes, vectors (plasmids), and host cells.
Biotechnology and Its Applications
- Ethical issues include biopiracy, patenting of biological resources, and genetic modifications.
Organisms and Populations
- Species interactions include mutualism (both benefit), competition, predation, and parasitism.
Ecosystem
- Ecological pyramids represent energy, biomass, and number at different trophic levels.
Biodiversity and Conservation
- Conservation methods include in-situ (national parks) and ex-situ (zoos, seed banks) conservation.
Environmental Issues
- Waste management through recycling and biodegradable materials helps reduce pollution.
“Waste not, want not.”
“A society grows great when old men plant trees whose shade they know they shall never sit in.”
About Biology
“In nature, nothing is perfect and everything is perfect.” – Alice Walker
Tigers Are Invisible in the Wild
Despite their size and bright orange coats, tigers are incredibly stealthy and can seemingly “disappear” in their natural habitats. Their stripes act as camouflage, blending seamlessly with the shadows and tall grasses of the forest.
Dolphins Can “See” with Sound
Dolphins use echolocation to navigate and hunt. They emit high-frequency clicks that bounce off objects, allowing them to “see” the shape, size, and distance of objects in the water—even in complete darkness. This ability is so precise that they can detect objects as small as a golf ball from over 70 meters away.
Snakes Can Fly
The paradise tree snake (found in Southeast Asia) can glide through the air by flattening its body and making S-shaped movements. It can “fly” distances of up to 100 meters (330 feet) between trees.
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