Biology  11th NCERT Solution

Studying Class 11 Biology is highly useful in both academic and real-life scenarios. It forms the foundation for higher studies in medical and life sciences, making it essential for students preparing for competitive exams like NEET, Olympiads, and board exams. Understanding concepts like human physiology, genetics, and microbiology helps in pursuing careers in medicine, biotechnology, and pharmaceuticals.

Plant Kingdom

 

Plant Kingdom

  • Classification of plants: Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, Angiosperms
  • Life cycle patterns (Haplo-diplontic, Diplontic, Haplontic)

Animal Kingdom

 

Animal Kingdom

  • Classification of animals based on levels of organization, symmetry, coelom, segmentation
  • Phylum-wise characteristics (Porifera to Chordata)

 

Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants

Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants
  • Root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower, fruit, and seed
  • Modification of roots, stems, and leaves

Cell – The Unit of Life

Cell – The Unit of Life

  • Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic cells
  • Structure of cell organelles (Nucleus, Mitochondria, ER, Golgi, etc.)

Biomolecules

Biomolecules

  • Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic Acids

  • Enzymes: Types, functions, and mechanisms

Plant Growth and Development

Plant Growth and Development

  • Phases of growth
  • Plant hormones (Auxins, Gibberellins, Cytokinins, ABA, Ethylene)

Breathing and Exchange of Gases

Breathing and Exchange of Gases

  • Mechanism of breathing
  • Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Digestion and Absorption

Digestion and Absorption

  • Human digestive system and enzymes
  • Digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats

Body Fluids and Circulation

Body Fluids and Circulation

  • Blood composition, blood groups
  • Structure and functioning of the heart

Excretory Products and Their Elimination

Excretory Products and Their Elimination

  • Human excretory system
  • Urine formation and kidney function

Neural Control and Coordination

Neural Control and Coordination

  • Neurons and nervous system
  • Brain structure and function

The Living World

The Living World

  • Characteristics of living organisms
  • Taxonomy and classification
  • Nomenclature (Binomial system)

Biological Classification

Biological Classification

  • Five Kingdom Classification by Whittaker
  • Kingdoms: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
  • Viruses, Viroids, Prions, and Lichens

Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Cell Cycle and Cell Division

  • Phases of the cell cycle
  • Mitosis and Meiosis

Plant Physiology

Transport in Plants

  • Diffusion, Osmosis, Active and Passive transport
  • Water potential and transpiration

Mineral Nutrition

Mineral Nutrition

  • Essential minerals, deficiency symptoms
  • Nitrogen cycle and nitrogen fixation

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Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

  • Light and dark reactions
  • C3, C4, and CAM pathways

Respiration in Plants

Respiration in Plants

  • Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, Electron Transport Chain
  • Aerobic vs. Anaerobic respiration

Beyond academics, biology has practical applications in daily life.